An inventory control procedure is a written list of steps for how your team receives, stores, picks, counts and adjusts stock. It says who does each step, when, and where it gets recorded. Last.
An inventory control procedure is the how-to for your stock. It names each task, the person who owns it, and the record that proves it happened.
Reviewed November 2026.
A policy is different. A policy says what you want, such as "keep stock accurate." The procedure says how: who counts, how often, and who signs off. The policy sets the goal and the procedure does the work.
Step 1: Receiving Goods; step 2: Labeling and Putaway; step 3: Picking and Shipping.
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Why Do Written Procedures Matter for Small Warehouses?
Written procedures matter because the knowledge usually sits in one person's head. When that person is out, a pallet gets put in the wrong spot and nobody can find it.
Bad stock records cause stockouts, overstock and wrong shipments. They also put you at risk with customers. The US Federal Trade Commission expects you to ship when you said you would. Barcode rules from GS1 give every item one clear scan code.
The law also asks for counts. IRS Publication 538 says: "To figure taxable income, you must value your inventory at the beginning and end of each tax year."
Written steps also train new hires faster. A short page beats a week of "watch me."
Two people check high-value items; locked storage holds the costly stock; an exception report flags negative stock and large adjustments.
What Are the Steps in an Inventory Control Procedure?
The inventory control process has 8 parts. Each gets one page or less.
Receive the goods.
Inspect them.
Put them away.
Pick orders.
Ship.
Count.
Adjust records.
Review.
Keep every step short enough to read in 2 minutes.
Accuracy rate: counted stock versus recorded stock; stockouts and backorders: times you could not fill an order; shrinkage and write-offs: stock lost to theft, damage or error.
Step 1: Receiving Goods
Receiving is the first checkpoint. Bad counts at the dock stay in your inventory records for months.
Match the delivery to the buy order.
Count the boxes and check for damage before you sign.
Record quantities the same day.
Note shortages and overages on the spot.
A driver waits at the door with 20 pallets. Count them first, then sign. A signature is a promise that the count is right.
Step 2: Labeling and Putaway
Receiving and putaway go together. Stock is only useful when someone can find it.
Give every item one SKU, which is a short code for one product. Give every shelf or bin a location code, such as A-03-2. Record the location when you put the stock away.
Ban "it's somewhere on the left." If a location is not on the record, the item is lost.
Step 3: Picking and Shipping
Check the pick before you pack it. A second look takes 30 seconds and saves a return.
Picking turns stock into sales. Each pick needs a list tied to one order, printed or on a screen.
Reduce stock the moment the order ships. Do not wait for days. Late updates are how a shelf shows 10 units when it holds 4.
Step 4: Handling Returns and Damaged Stock
Returns need their own space. Mixing them with good stock sends a bad item to the next buyer.
Keep returns apart from sellable stock.
Record the reason for each return or write-off.
Decide who can approve a write-off, and set a dollar limit.
Reasons logged today show you the supplier or packing problem tomorrow.
Step 5: Cycle Counts and Full Counts
Cycle counting means counting a small part of your stock on a set schedule. A warehouse can count a few aisles each week and cover everything in a quarter.
Count fast-moving and high-value items more often.
Run a full count when you need one, such as at year end.
Let someone other than the person who stores the item do the count.
Log every miss and chase its cause.
Frequent small counts catch errors that one yearly count buries.
Step 6: How Do You Adjust Stock Records?
You adjust stock records only after you find out why the numbers differ. Stock adjustments change money on your books, so treat them with care.
Check for late scans, mixed-up locations and wrong units first. Then record who adjusted, when and why. Set a dollar limit above which a manager must approve.
This is also how you keep inventory records accurate over time. No number changes without a name and a reason beside it.
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Who Owns Each Step, and What Controls Catch Mistakes?
Every step needs one owner, even on a crew of 5. A named person answers for the work. Name a backup for vacations and sick days.
Split duties where you can. The receiver, the counter and the approver should be 3 different people.
Add light controls that catch mistakes early:
Two people check high-value items.
Locked storage holds the costly stock.
An exception report flags negative stock and large adjustments.
Controls that take too long get skipped, so keep each one under a minute.
Several copies of one file float around; staff re-type the same data into an accounting package and; counts run slow and totals often mismatch.
How Do You Measure Inventory Accuracy?
Inventory accuracy is the share of items where the count matches the record. If you count 1,000 items and 970 match, accuracy is 97%.
Track 4 numbers each month:
Accuracy rate: counted stock versus recorded stock.
Stockouts and backorders: times you could not fill an order.
Shrinkage and write-offs: stock lost to theft, damage or error.
Days of stock on hand and turnover: how long stock sits before it sells.
The US Census Bureau publishes wholesale inventory-to-sales ratios you can compare against. A rising accuracy rate shows the procedure works.
Find the gaps and fix them; write each step in short sentences; train the team.
When Do Spreadsheets and Paper Stop Working?
Spreadsheets stop working when 2 people need the same file at once. Inventory control with Excel is fine for a small stockroom. It breaks as volume grows.
Watch for these signs:
Several copies of one file float around.
Staff re-type the same data into an accounting package and other files.
Counts run slow and totals often mismatch.
One person "knows the sheet."
The cost adds up. Three people spending 6 hours a week on re-typing at $22 an hour is $20,592 a year. The Bureau of Labor Statistics lists real pay rates for this work.
Common mistakes to fix first: late updates, a procedure nobody follows, one item with many SKUs, and one count a year. When the sheet slows the team down, it is time to automate.
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Off-the-shelf means fitting your process to the software. We do it the other way round, and the first look costs nothing.
Can You Improve Inventory Control Without Replacing Your Accounting Package?
Warehouse tasks like locations, counts and pick lists fit better outside it. Your procedure should say which system is the source of truth for each piece of data.
Yes. You can improve inventory control without replacing your accounting package. It stays your system for money. your accounting software inventory handles costs and invoices well.
Custom software can follow the procedure you already have. It replaces only the manual parts: scan-based receiving, counts and adjustments, each with an audit trail. No big ERP move is needed. The Software Society builds custom workflows like this, and connects them to your accounting software. For other paths, see inventory control software for small business or warehouse inventory management software.
Automate the steps that cost time and keep the accounting tool that works.
How Do You Write and Roll Out Your Procedure?
Start by walking the floor. Write down what really happens, not what should happen. NIST's Manufacturing Extension Partnership offers vendor-neutral guidance on supply chain process.
Find the gaps and fix them.
Write each step in short sentences.
Train the team.
Test for 2 weeks, then adjust.
Review every quarter.
Use this checklist as a recap: receive, label, put away, pick, ship, handle returns, count, adjust, name owners, add controls, track accuracy. A good procedure for stock control fits on a few pages.
A procedure your team helped write is a procedure your team will follow. If your steps outgrew paper, talk to The Software Society about a review of your workflow.
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Count fast-moving and high-value items every week or month. Count slow items each quarter. Add a full count at year end.
Do we need software to have a procedure?
No. A written procedure works on paper. Software helps once volume makes manual steps slow or error-prone.
Who should be allowed to adjust stock?
Give a small number of trained staff the right to adjust. Need a manager to approve anything above a set dollar limit. Never let the person who stores the item approve its own adjustment.
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